datakiss

Coming Soon: the 'Big Heat'

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<br />#Global warming has been on vacation for a few years, writes Nafeez Ahmed. But that's only because the excess heat - two Hiroshima bombs-worth every second - has been buried in the deep ocean. But within a few years that's set to change, producing a huge decade-long warming surge, focused on the Arctic, that could overwhelm us all.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSXr1lKkF3RgClppRhLHIc-DgOFOAtGQIDZd6x8JzAYBp8zqqF18R74iJvETde-zT4MpSNFmPkZoIVhrrTuCSYodEJzQNYDoFSpjeocK8WqdxTNC7GziYOJjgxxrXu36WW98QiSVzx0IMp/s1600/welcome.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSXr1lKkF3RgClppRhLHIc-DgOFOAtGQIDZd6x8JzAYBp8zqqF18R74iJvETde-zT4MpSNFmPkZoIVhrrTuCSYodEJzQNYDoFSpjeocK8WqdxTNC7GziYOJjgxxrXu36WW98QiSVzx0IMp/s320/welcome.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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We probably have less than five years before we witness the 'Big Heat' - a supercharged surge of rapid global warming, destabilizing the climate system in deeply unpredictable ways.<br />Forget the so-called 'pause' in global warming-new research says we might be in for an era of deeply accelerated heating.<br />While the rate of atmospheric warming in recent years has, indeed, slowed due to various natural weather cycles - hence the skeptics' droning on about 'pauses' - global warming, as a whole, has not stopped.<br />Far from it. It's actuallysped up, dramatically, as excess heat has absorbed into the oceans. We've only begun to realize theextent of this phenomenon in recent years, after scientists developed new technologies capable of measuring ocean temperatures with a depth and precision that was previously lacking.<br />In 2011, apaperinGeophysical Research Letterstallied up the total warming data from land, air, ice, and the oceans. In 2012, the lead author of that study, oceanographer John Church,updated his research. What Church found was shocking: in recent decades, climate change has been adding heat to the oceans at an average rate of 125 Terawatts (TW).</h3>
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How to convey this extraordinary fact? His team came up with an analogy: it was roughly the same amount of energy that would be released by the detonation of two atomic bombs the size dropped on Hiroshima. In other words, these scientists found that anthropogenic climate is warming the oceans at a rate equivalent to around two Hiroshima bombs per second.<br />Or looked at another way, all the world's coal fired power stations currently have a generation capacitya little under 2TW. As they are typically about one third efficient, working flat out they would collectively produce about 6TW of heat and power. Now multiply by 20.<br />Actually, it's worse. Much worse ...<br />But as new data came in, the situation has looked worse: over the last 17 years, the rate of warming has doubled to about four bombs per second. In 2013, the rate of warmingtripledto become equivalent to 12 Hiroshima bombs every second.</h3>
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<br />So not only is warming intensifying, it is also accelerating. By burning fossil fuels, humans are effectively detonating 378 million atomic bombs in the oceans each year - this, along with the ocean's over - absorption of carbon dioxide, has fuelledocean acidification, and now threatens the entire marine food chain as well as animals who feed on marine species. Like, er, many humans.<br />According to a newpaperinSciencefrom a crack team of climate scientists, a key reason that the oceans are absorbing all this heat in recent decades so well (thus masking the extent of global warming by allowing atmospheric average temperatures to heat more slowly), is due to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), an El Nino-like weather pattern that can last anywhere between 15-30 years.</h3>
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<br />In its previous positive phase, which ran from around 1977 to 1998, the PDO meant the oceans would absorb less heat, thus operating as an accelerator on atmospheric temperatures. Since 1998, the PDO has been in a largely negative phase, during which the oceans absorb more heat from the atmosphere.<br />Such decadal ocean cycles have broken down recently, and become moresporadic. The last, mostly negative phase, was punctuated by a brief positive phase that lasted 3 years between 2002 and 2005.<br />Where's all the heat gone? Buried in the deep ocean<br />The authors of the new study, Penn State climatologist Michael Mann, University of Minnesota geologist Byron Steinman, and Penn State meteorologist Sonya Miller, point out that the PDO, as well as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), have thus played a major role in temporarily dampening atmospheric warming.<br />So what has happened? During this period, Mann and his team show, there has been increased"heat burial"in the Pacific ocean, that is, a greater absorption of all that heat equivalent to hundreds of millions of Hiroshimas.<br />For some, this has created the false impression, solely from looking at global average surface air temperatures, of a 'pause' in warming. But as Mann said, the combination of the AMO and PDO"likely offset anthropogenic warming over the past decade."</h3>
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<br /><span data-offset-key="bkpk1-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$bkpk1.0:$bkpk1-0-0">Therefore, the 'pause' doesn't really exist, and instead is an artifact of the limitations of our different measuring instruments.</span><span data-offset-key="48r0v-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$48r0v.0:$48r0v-0-0">"The 'false pause' is explained in part by cooling in the Pacific ocean over the past one-to-two decades", Mann told me,"but that is likely to reverse soon: in other words, the 'slowdown' is fleeting and will likely soon disappear."</span><span data-offset-key="cied6-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$cied6.0:$cied6-0-0">The disappearance of the 'slowdown' will, in tangible terms, mean that the oceans will absorb less atmospheric heat. While all the accumulated ocean heat"is certainly not going to pop back out", NASA's chief climate scientist Dr. Gavin Schmidt told me, it is likely to mean that less atmospheric heat will end up being absorbed:</span><span data-offset-key="4tlr1-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$4tlr1.0:$4tlr1-0-0">"Ocean cycles can modulate the uptake of anthropogenic heat, as some have speculated for the last decade or so, but ... net flux is still going to be going into the ocean."</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="4tlr1-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$4tlr1.0:$4tlr1-0-0"><br /></span><span data-offset-key="5m4a5-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$5m4a5.0:$5m4a5-0-0">Next, the heat will transfer to the atmosphere...</span><span data-offset-key="2csm0-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$2csm0.0:$2csm0-0-0">According to Mann and his team, at some point, this will manifest as an acceleration in the rise of global average surface air temperatures. In their Science study, they observe:</span><span data-offset-key="bjksb-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$bjksb.0:$bjksb-0-0">"Given the pattern of past historical variation, this trend will likely reverse with internal variability, instead adding to anthropogenic warming in the coming decades."</span><span data-offset-key="8l12e-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$8l12e.0:$8l12e-0-0">So at some point in the near future, the PDOwill switchfrom its current negative phase back to positive, reducing the capacity of the oceans to accumulate heat from the atmosphere.</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="8l12e-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$8l12e.0:$8l12e-0-0"><br /></span><span data-offset-key="4trc7-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$4trc7.0:$4trc7-0-0">That positive phase of the PDO will therefore see a rapid rise in global surface air temperatures, as the oceans' capacity to absorb all those Hiroshima bomb equivalents declines - and leaves it to accumulate in our skies. In other words, after years of slower-than-expected warming, we may suddenly feel the heat.</span><span data-offset-key="a2s8t-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$a2s8t.0:$a2s8t-0-0">So when will that happen? No one knows for sure, but at the end of last year, signs emerged that the phase shift to a positive PDO could be happening right now. In the five months before November 2014, measures of surface temperature differences in the Pacific shifted topositive, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.</span><span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">This is the longest such positive shift detected in about 12 years. Although too soon to determine for sure whether this is, indeed, the beginning of the PDO's switch to a new positive phase, this interpretation is consistent with current temperature variations, which during a positive </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">PDO </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">           phase </span></h3>
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                        should </h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">                                     be </span></h3>
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                                           relatively</h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">                                                              warm </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">                                                                           in </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">                                                                                    the </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">                                                                                           tropical </span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0">Pacific</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0"> and relatively cool in regions north of about 20 degrees latitude.</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="e6isd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$e6isd.0:$e6isd-0-0"><br /></span><span data-offset-key="aduvd-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$aduvd.0:$aduvd-0-0">In January 2015, further signs emerged that the PDO is right now in transition to anew warm phase."Global warming is about the get a boost", ventured meteorologist Eric Holthaus. Recent data including California's intensifying drought and sightings of tropical fish off the Alaskan coast"are further evidence of unusual ocean warming", suggesting that a PDO transition"may already be underway a new warm phase."</span><span data-offset-key="a2ve9-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$a2ve9.0:$a2ve9-0-0">While it's still not clear whether the PDO is really shifting into a new phase just yet, when it does, it won't be good. Scientists from the UK Met Office's Hadley Center led by Dr. Chris Roberts of the Oceans and Cryosphere Group estimate in anew paperinNaturethat there is an 85% chance the faux 'pause' will end in the next five years, followed by a burst of warming likely to consist of a decade or so of warm ocean oscillations.</span><span data-offset-key="a3sg4-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$a3sg4.0:$a3sg4-0-0">Arctic faces a double warming whammy</span><span data-offset-key="aljtc-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$aljtc.0:$aljtc-0-0">Roberts and his team found that a 'slow down' period is usually (60% of the time) followed byrapid warmingat twice the background rate for at least five years, and potentially longer.</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="aljtc-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$aljtc.0:$aljtc-0-0"><br /></span><span data-offset-key="7an7g-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$7an7g.0:$7an7g-0-0">And mostly, this warming would be concentrated in the Arctic, a region where temperatures are already higher than the global average, and which is widely recognized to be a barometer of the health of the global climate due to how Arctic changes dramatically alter trends elsewhere.</span><span data-offset-key="fqle5-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$fqle5.0:$fqle5-0-0">Recent extreme weather events around the world have been attributed to the melting Arctic ice sheets and the impact on ocean circulations and jet streams.</span><span data-offset-key="9fd8a-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$9fd8a.0:$9fd8a-0-0">What this means, if the UK Met Office is right, is that we probably have five years (likely less) before we witness the 'Big Heat' - a supercharged surge of rapid global warming that could last a decade, further destabilizing the climate system in deeply unpredictable ways.</span></h3>
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<span data-offset-key="9fd8a-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$9fd8a.0:$9fd8a-0-0"><br /></span><span data-offset-key="2rlu1-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$2rlu1.0:$2rlu1-0-0"> </span><span data-offset-key="d136g-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$d136g.0:$d136g-0-0"> </span><span data-offset-key="ahqjp-0-0" data-reactid=".uf.1:3:1:$comment1614258108792709_1614259125459274:0.0.$right.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1.0.0.$ahqjp.0:$ahqjp-0-0">Dr. Nafeez Ahmedis an investigative journalist, bestselling author, and international security scholar. He is a regular contributor to The Ecologist where he writes about the geopolitics of interconnected environmental, energy and economic crises. He has also written for the Guardian, The Independent, Sydney Morning Herald, The Age, The Scotsman, Foreign Policy, Prospect, New Statesman, Vice, Le Monde diplomatique, among many others. His new novel of the near future is ZERO POINT.</span></h3>
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Coming Soon: the 'Big Heat'

#Global warming has been on vacation for a few years, writes Nafeez Ahmed. But that's only because the excess heat - two Hiroshima bombs-worth every second - has been buried in the deep ocean. But wi…

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23 Mar 2015

ISIS Militant Bulldozing Iragi Ancient City

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The #United Nations condemned as a "war crime" Friday the Islamic State group's bulldozing of the ancient city of Nimrud, the jihadists' latest demolition of Iraqi cultural treasures.</div>
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After rampaging through Mosul's museum with sledgehammers and torching its library last month, ISIS "bulldozed" the nearby ruins of Nimrud Thursday, the tourism and antiquities ministry said.</div>
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Antiquities officials said ISIS militants had moved trucks last week to the site, which overlooks the Tigris River, 30 kilometers (18 miles) southeast of their main hub of Mosul.</div>
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<a href="http://news.discovery.com/history/us-history/terror-plots-failed-20130429.htm" style="color: #115a7c; margin-bottom: 20px; text-decoration: none;">Terror Plots That Almost Happened</a></h2>
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<a class="event-click-tracking" data-link-position="Pos 1 : Image" data-module-name="left rail : linked video" data-track-rule="module" href="http://news.discovery.com/history/videos/could-isis-attack-the-us-video-140911.htm" style="text-decoration: none;"><img class="media-hero" src="http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/isis_attack_usa_oo-250x150.jpg" style="border: 0px; height: auto; vertical-align: middle; width: 195px;" /><div class="over-main" style="background-color: rgba(230, 84, 65, 0.901961); bottom: 15px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; left: auto; margin: 0px; padding: 7px 15px 7px 10px; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; width: auto;">
<img height="38px" src="http://static.ddmcdn.com/en-us/news/img/video-icon.png" style="border: 0px; height: auto; margin-right: 3px; vertical-align: middle; width: 20px;" width="38px" /> PLAY VIDEO</div>
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<div class="media-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #115a7c; font-family: 'Crete Round'; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-transform: capitalize;">
<a class="event-click-tracking" data-link-position="Pos 1 : Link" data-module-name="left rail : linked video" data-track-rule="module" href="http://news.discovery.com/history/videos/could-isis-attack-the-us-video-140911.htm" style="text-decoration: none;">Could ISIS Attack The U.S.?</a></div>
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With news reports suggesting more than 100 Americans have left the country to fight alongside ISIS terrorists, what's the likelihood they would return to the U.S. to continue the fighting?</div>
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"Until now, we do not know to what extent it was destroyed," one official said.</div>
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Nimrud was the latest victim of what appears to be a systematic campaign by the jihadists to obliterate Iraq's rich heritage.</div>
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"I'm really devastated. But it was just a matter of time, now we're waiting for the video. It's sad," Abdulamir Hamdani, an Iraqi archaeologist from Stony Brook University in New York said of the propaganda film of the destruction that ISIS will likely release.</div>
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He said the site's guards were denied access to Nimrud, which was founded in the 13th century BC and was once considered the jewel of the Assyrian era.</div>
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Its stunning reliefs and colossal statues of winged bulls with human heads guarding palace gates filled the world's museums in the 19th century.</div>
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A collection of 613 pieces of gold jewelry, ornaments and precious stones discovered in a royal tomb in 1988 has been described as one of the greatest archaeological finds of the 20th century.</div>
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"Their plan is to destroy Iraqi heritage, one site at a time," said Hamdani.</div>
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"Hatra of course will be next," he added, referring to a 2,000-year-old UNESCO-listed site about 100 kilometers south of Mosul known for its beautifully preserved temples blending Hellenistic, Roman and Eastern influences.</div>
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<a href="http://news.discovery.com/human/why-hasnt-the-homeland-seen-a-major-attack-150305.htm" style="color: #115a7c; margin-bottom: 20px; text-decoration: none;">Why Hasn't the Homeland Seen a Major Attack?</a><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://news.discovery.com/human/why-hasnt-the-homeland-seen-a-major-attack-150305.htm" style="color: #115a7c; margin-bottom: 20px; text-decoration: none;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy9bKuYMVSlKHYNSEI97rDvZ2cz9wAYhP6fZn75FkvZACpGNEznRlIBozm5s_-quzG2HKhDLB4qvkIuT2kjvXaiDcP1SK8OxgFi_e5LLiEOBLoBz725BsNA9CSW-dyzbUDNJPzRM8oFcmS/s1600/irag+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy9bKuYMVSlKHYNSEI97rDvZ2cz9wAYhP6fZn75FkvZACpGNEznRlIBozm5s_-quzG2HKhDLB4qvkIuT2kjvXaiDcP1SK8OxgFi_e5LLiEOBLoBz725BsNA9CSW-dyzbUDNJPzRM8oFcmS/s1600/irag+1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Irina Bokova, the head of the UN's cultural body UNESCO, condemned the destruction of Nimrud "with the strongest force".</div>
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"We cannot stay silent. The deliberate destruction of cultural heritage constitutes a war crime, and I call on all political and religious leaders in the region to stand up against this new barbarity," she said Friday.</div>
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- 'Killing civilization' -</div>
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UNESCO has called for tougher action to protect the many heritage sites in one of the cradles of civilization but little can be done in areas under jihadist control.</div>
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The destruction was met with condemnation and sadness on Baghdad's Mutanabi Street, a favorite haunt of Iraqi intellectuals.</div>
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"After they killed the human spirit, they began killing civilization," Ibrahim Dawood, a writer and poet, said of IS.</div>
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"A civilization considered the pride of Iraq and the world was erased in minutes," said Adel Abdullah, a health ministry employee.</div>
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ISIS attempts to justify the destruction by saying the statues are idolatrous, but experts say the jihadists traffic antiquities to fund their self-proclaimed "caliphate" and only destroy the pieces that are too bulky to be smuggled.</div>
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Stuart Gibson, a UNESCO expert on museums, said pressure from the international community would have little effect on IS.</div>
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"We have also traditionally called upon the peoples of the region to recognize the irreplaceable value and cultural necessity in protecting their cultural heritage," he said.</div>
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"Unfortunately today the people in the region are exhausted and terrified. The remainder of us can only stand on the outside looking on in absolute despair."</div>
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ISIS still controls large parts of northern and western Iraq, but has been losing ground under mounting military pressure from Iraqi federal and Kurdish forces backed by a US-led coalition and by Iran.</div>
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Baghdad launched a huge offensive Monday to retake the city of Tikrit, in what commanders have said was a stepping stone toward an even larger operation to free Mosul.</div>
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Since they swept through Iraq's Sunni heartland last June, ISIS militants have destroyed a long list of religious and heritage sites, including churches and Sunni shrines.</div>
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Most of Nimrud's priceless artifacts had long been moved to museums, in Mosul, Baghdad, Paris, London and elsewhere but some giant "lamassu" statues of winged bulls and reliefs were still on site.</div>
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"UNESCO is determined to do whatever is needed to document and protect the heritage of Iraq and lead the fight against the illicit traffic of cultural artifacts, which directly contributes to the financing of terrorism," said Bokova.</div>
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"At stake is the survival of the Iraqi culture and society."</div>
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ISIS Militant Bulldozing Iragi Ancient City

The #United Nations condemned as a "war crime" Friday the Islamic State group's bulldozing of the ancient city of Nimrud, the jihadists' latest demolition of Iraqi cultural treasures. After rampaging…

francisjohnsonofficial@Gmail.com

07 Mar 2015

Tinubu is the most Corrupt Nigerian Ever -Minister

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The #Minister of State for Works, Dayo Adeyeye, has described as shameful, the one-million-man march held in Lagos today, by the All Progressives Congress (APC).<br />He said the march was in support of corruption and the massive looting of Lagos State by the APC leader, Senator Bola Tinubu, adding that; “what the APC demonstrated was that they don’t care about the feelings of the people”.</div>
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<br />The minister said in a statement on Sa<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">turday that the APC should defend the allegations of converting almost all the landed properties in Lagos to Mr. Tinubu’s personal use and monumental looting of the state by the former governor, rather than embarking on a show of support for corruption in the name of one-million-man march.</span></div>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br />He said; “the APC and its leaders need to seek forgiveness from God for stealing Lagos State blind, instead of marching on the heads of the same Lagosians that they shortchanged for 16 years.”<br />Mr. Adeyeye, who noted that Mr. Tinubu became stupendously rich at the expense of Lagos State tax payers, added that it was an insult for anyone to be matching in support of a corruption personified individual like Mr.Tinubu.</span></div>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br />“One is not surprised that they took to the streets in Lagos to show solidarity to Tinubu, who is being accused of massive looting of Lagos State.<br />“Afterall, the APC said officially that ‘even if Tinubu and the party presidential candidate, Muhammadu Buhari are shown in a video robbing Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Nigerians must vote for the party.’</span></div>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br />“In other words, they are saying that even if Tinubu acquires the Alausa Secretariat the way he acquired the secretariat of Eti-Osa Local Government and several other properties belonging to the people of Lagos State, Lagosians can go to hell!<br />“This is shameful and Nigerians should note that handing over the country to Tinubu and his cabal will be tantamount to auctioning the country at the World Trade Centre,” the minister said.</span></div>
</div>

Tinubu is the most Corrupt Nigerian Ever -Minister

The #Minister of State for Works, Dayo Adeyeye, has described as shameful, the one-million-man march held in Lagos today, by the All Progressives Congress (APC).He said the march was in support of co…

francisjohnsonofficial@Gmail.com

07 Mar 2015

Military pounds more Boko Haram target. Plan to bomb bridge foiled

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<span style="font-size: 14.666666984558105px; line-height: 25.33333396911621px;">Following the continued push by the military to recapture all territories occupied by Boko Haram fighters, troops on cordon and search, along Djimitillo-Damaturu Road, Yobe State engaged in fierce battle, at the weekend, with fighters suspected to be members of the Islamist group, after their hideout was discovered.</span></h3>
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">At Gulak, the headquarters of Madagali Local Government Area of #Adamawa State, an attempt by some fighters to blow up a bridge to stop the military’s advance, according to sources, was foiled as the troops, backed by air power, routed the Boko Haram insurgents.</span><h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br /></span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">The fierce fight to dislodge the fighters from the hideout along Djimtillo-Damaturu Road, close to a market, was said to have resulted in the capture of a cache of arms including several machine guns and rifles while scores of the fighters were killed.</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">A statement from the Defence Headquarters (DHQ) noted that many of the fighters died in the resultant fire that gutted the house where they had made their base.</span></h2>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br /></span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">During the encounter, a soldier was reportedly killed while another was wounded and was said to be undergoing treatment.</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">In the Gulak encounter troops, in pursuit of fighters, according to an account, caught up with some of them who were in the process of blowing up a bridge to deter troops advance.</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">Some of the fighters were not lucky as they died in the battle.</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">“The troops are continuing with cordon and search of the town and environs after overpowering the terrorists”, the DHQ statement said.</span></h2>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><br /></span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;">“A lot of arms have been recovered in the process. Troops are also dismantling the terrorist group’s flags hoisted in the liberated towns”.</span></h2>
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Military pounds more Boko Haram target. Plan to bomb bridge foiled

Following the continued push by the military to recapture all territories occupied by Boko Haram fighters, troops on cordon and search, along Djimitillo-Damaturu Road, Yobe State engaged in fierce ba…

francisjohnsonofficial@Gmail.com

01 Mar 2015

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<span style="font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">IDIOMATIC EXPRESSION WITH DANGLING</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDeVh2_SwlIyDI6yFfZtD0Leh1sOmNFbkeaLCaRaMJPDd30NUPoDK0-0qluIvK8scJ6GxPoJWte4HiEjmgJJxFG_bVFALw2fuMJPc0AIJRtR_NhCoIrPGGVqYyKhx6X8iFhylvXv18erXO/s1600/Screen_20130827_074446.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDeVh2_SwlIyDI6yFfZtD0Leh1sOmNFbkeaLCaRaMJPDd30NUPoDK0-0qluIvK8scJ6GxPoJWte4HiEjmgJJxFG_bVFALw2fuMJPc0AIJRtR_NhCoIrPGGVqYyKhx6X8iFhylvXv18erXO/s200/Screen_20130827_074446.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 26.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Keep
or leave someone: This means to keep somebody in an uncertain state by not
telling then what they want to know; E.g. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">(i)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">                        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">She kept him DANGLING for weeks
before making her decision known to him. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">(ii)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">                    
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The lecturer left all the students DANGLING
before she gave the topic at late hour. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">  </span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dangling
something be’ fore or in’ front of someone: This means to offer somebody something
good in order to persuade them to do something E.g. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.75in;">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">(i)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">                        
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The politician dangled money publicly
to the people and they gave him their mandate; <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 1.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.75in;">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";">(ii)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">                    
</span></span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(ii) She dangled her love with
smiles which made him felt for her. (Dangling relationship).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">                                   (Grammar)
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DANGLING
PARTICIPLE.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This refers to a participle that refers to a
noun which is not mentioned in a sentence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Look @ this statement; “While I was <span style="background: olive; mso-highlight: olive;">walking</span>, my phone rang.”  Walking is a dangling participle but is
considered incorrect thus; the correct form of saying it would be:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">While I was walking home, my phone rang.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 36.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DANGLING MODIFIER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A Dangling Modifier is a modifier that has
nothing to modify. Remember modifiers describe a word or make its meaning more
specific. A dangling modifier is an error caused by failing to use the word
that the modifier is meant to be describing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Let see some examples here:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: fuchsia; font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-highlight: fuchsia;">Having
read your letter</span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, my cat will stay indoors until
the ducklings fly off.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<sup><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(N/B) </span></sup><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In
this example, the missing word is we<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Consider the correct way to put it;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Having read your letter, we will keep our cat
indoors until the ducking fly off.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(In this examples, the modifier having read
your letter is modifying we as it should)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Logically, the wrong example suggests the cat
read the letter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Here is another example of a dangling modifier:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: olive; font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-highlight: olive;">Meticulous
and punctual</span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, David’s work ethics is admirable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In this example, the missing word is David (as
a standalone subject)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A correct way of putting it would be:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Meticulous and punctual, David has an
admirable work ethics;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(In this example, the modifier meticulous and
punctual is modifying David as it should, not David’s work ethics).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Logically, the wrong example suggests David’s
work ethics is meticulous and punctual.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Consider another example of dangling modifier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: olive; font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-highlight: olive;">Having
watched the Calabar Carnival</span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, the carnival costumes are
more impressive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In this example, the missing word is she. Let’s
try the correct version:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Having watched the Calabar Carnival, she
thinks the carnival costumes are more impressive.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(In this example, the modifier having watched
the Calabar Carnival is modifying she as it should, not the carnival costumes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Logically, the wrong example suggests the
carnival costumes watched the Calabar Carnival.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A DANGLING MODIFIER AS A MISPLACED MODIFIER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sometimes, a modifier can dangle a bit. This
happens when the word being modified is present but is not next to its
modifier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Look @ this example:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: olive; font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-highlight: olive;">Vicious
smelly creatures with huge tusks</span><span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">, the ship’s crew
found it difficult to drive the male walruses from the beach.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This is still a dangling modifier but it’s not
dangling fully because the object being modified (the male walruses) is
present.  <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This is better known as misplaced modifier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Consider the correct version:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Vicious smelly creatures with huge tusks, the
male walruses were difficult for the ship’s crew to drive from the beach.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 36.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SQUINTING MODIFIER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A squinting modifier (usually a verb) is a kind
of modifier which could feasibly modify the words before it or the words after
it. A squinting modifier is a type of misplaced modifier.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Examples of squinting modifier here:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Cycling up hills <span style="background: olive; mso-highlight: olive;">Quickly</span> strengthen your quadriceps.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(In this example, the adverb quickly is a
squinting modifier. It is unclear whether quickly pertains to cycling up hills
or strengthens).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">* Taking a moment to think <span style="background: olive; mso-highlight: olive;">Clearly</span> improves your
chances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(In this example, the adverb clearly is a
squinting modifier, though it unclear whether it pertains to think or
improves).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">FIXING A SQUINTING MIDIFIER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Like most misplaced modifiers, a squinting
modifier can be fixed by changing its position in the sentence or by rewording.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Examples:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Cycling up hills strengthens your quadriceps
quickly.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">*Taking a moment to think clearly about the
issue improves your chances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Baskerville Old Face","serif"; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Did you know? The wild animal that attacks and
eats humans are called <span style="background: gray; mso-highlight: gray;">MANEATER</span>
and this name are humorously refers to a young lady who has many sexual partners,
eehm #wow!</span><span style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">LEARN\ING
ENGLISH<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">British vs American English
- Grammatical Differences<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">English language
is used differently in the United States and in England and in other English
speaking countries. There are some skeptical differences between American and
British English in vocabulary, spelling, pronunciation as well as a few
grammatical differences. In this section I'm only going to tell you the
grammatical differences.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">1. The use of
present perfect<br />
<span class="textexposedshow">The American English prefers the simple past tense
to the present perfect tense.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">American:<br />
• They just arrived home.<br />
• We just finished our meal.<br />
• Did you have lunch yet?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British:<br />
• They have just arrived home.<br />
• We have just finished our meal.<br />
• Have you had lunch yet?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">Perfect
tense "Have"<br />
American:<br />
They have most likely landed by now.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British<br />
They most likely have landed by now.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">2.
The use of subjunctive<br />
The American English tends to hide "should" from the sentence.<br />
[It’s Necessary/ essential / vital / urgent / imperative… that + (hidden
should) + verb]<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">American:<br />
• It’s essential that she be told the truth.<br />
• It’s vital that you be taken to hospital.<br />
• It’s important that Barry stop smoking.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British:<br />
• It’s essential that she should be told the truth.<br />
• It’s vital that you should be taken to hospital.<br />
• It’s important that Barry should stop smoking.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">3.
Asking for the person on the phone<br />
American:<br />
Hello, is this Julie?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British:<br />
Hello, is that Julie?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">4.
Use of look like /as If<br />
American:<br />
He looks like he is an expert.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British<br />
He looks as if he is an expert.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">5.
The use of tags<br />
The Americans use tags much less often than the British. Americans often use
"right" and "OK" as tags.<br />
American:<br />
• You're coming with us, right?<br />
• I'll bring the baggage in, OK?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British:<br />
• You're coming with us, aren't you?<br />
• I'll bring the luggage in, shall I?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">6.
The names of the rivers<br />
The Americans put the word "river" after the name, whereas the
British put it before.<br />
American:<br />
Colorado River<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="background: white; line-height: 22.0pt; margin-bottom: 5.2pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.2pt;">
<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">British<br />
River Thames<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">7.
The title of an important person<br />
The Americans normally put both the title and the descriptions of offices in
front of the names.<br />
American:<br />
• President Roosevelt<br />
• Prime Minister Churchill<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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• President Roosevelt<br />
• Churchill, the Prime Minister<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">Posted
by Ettefreeguy<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #141823; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.5pt;">Fb.com/Danglingmedia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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IDIOMATIC EXPRESSION WITH DANGLING 1. Keep or leave someone: This means to keep somebody in an uncertain state by not telling then what they want to know; E.g. (i) She kept …

francisjohnsonofficial@Gmail.com

01 Mar 2015

GOD AND POETRY

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<span style="font-size: 80.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">G</span><span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">od is God, #Poetry is fiction<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God is love, Poetry needs attention<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God made everything, Poetry made only someone<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God will deliver us from evil<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poetry will expose the work of the devil.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poetry is in schools and God is in the Heaven<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Doors are made not only for Christianity<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">But for them with tangible opportunity.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God has never made anything accidentally<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poets will always rendit their meditation willingly.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God loves poetry, He made it delicious<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poets loves ideas, they made it fictitious.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God is a designer and Poets are modifiers<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">A Poet, once decided he will make God cry<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">That because God always frown to see good people die.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">If you walk through a part of a chaff shadow<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">You are at the last bottom of your pass horror<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">A wise person wouldn’t blame God cos this life is borrow<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">One must give back those paths that will miss tomorrow.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">LET ME EXPLAIN,<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God made man in His image<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Man made Poetry under his likeness<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">                   amend,<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">If God want to listen to amen!<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poets will never involve an Angel,<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">If they are asking God for an inspiration<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">When you walk along with God, Angels entertain you with Poems<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Recreate room for those that will misunderstand you<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">The stars keep close, the moon remain one.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">How did the devil learn to lie?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Some people can dance yet others did cry.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Let God wake you up and Poetry take you to bed<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Make an offering to God in your blessed documentary<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Poor ink to allusion, unparallel to Poetry.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">God is omnipresent; Poetry is from a great mind<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Where human race ends; Poetry ends<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">When God say yes! Poetry begins<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hunger made Poetry tasteful over sand<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">It’s evil to compare God and Poetry.<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Posted by ettefreeguy<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Fb.com/kissdwall<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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<span style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Twitter: @Etefreeguy<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
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GOD AND POETRY

God is God, #Poetry is fiction God is love, Poetry needs attention God made everything, Poetry made only someone God will deliver us from evil Poetry will expose the work of the devil. Poetry is in s…

francisjohnsonofficial@Gmail.com

01 Mar 2015

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